The different studies that have been carried out up to now have been retrospective, and interpretation may have been biased. A prospective study of French women 40-65-years-old was carried out by a Parisian team in order to evaluate the role of macronutrients (fats, sugar and proteins) in the etiology of IBD (1). It was based on a validated questionnaire of dietary consumption covering 208 foods and beverages, completed by a series of photographs for evaluating portions.

The results of this study demonstrate an association between excessive consumption of total proteins, particular animal proteins (including meat and fish) and the risk of developing IBD. In contrast, no association was found between consumption of total lipids and sugars.

This work also noted that protein consumption was moderate to high in 90% of the women (higher than the daily quantity recommended by the AFSSA).

In agreement with other published studies, the authors conclude that a decrease in protein content could reduce the incidence and activity of IBD. A randomized prospective study will be necessary to confirm this hypothesis.

References:

1.Jantchou, P., S. Morois, F. Clavel-Chapelon, M.C. Boutron-Ruault, and F. Carbonnel. Animal Protein Intake and Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The E3N Prospective Study. Am J Gastroenterol